Wireless mobile station loss prevention in multi-network communication systems

ABSTRACT

Methods in communications devices and networks for reducing an infrastructure registration race condition. In one embodiment, a communications device transmits ( 310 ) a first network connection request is a first network, and after waiting a specified time interval, the communication device transmits ( 320 ) another network connection request to the first network. The communications device may determine the time interval, or it may be received ( 302 ) from the network. Alternatively, a time stamp or some other indicium is applied to the connection requests transmitted by the communications device so that a home location register or other entity may determine the order in which the requests were transmitted.  
     receives ( 302 ) time delay information from the network, waiting for a specified time period to elapse,  
     transmitting a second network connection request to a second network after waiting the specified time period

FIELD OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0001] The present disclosure relates generally to wireless communications, and more particularly to preventing lost mobile states in multi-network communications systems, for example, when registering in digital CDMA and AMPS analog networks, and methods therefor.

BACKGROUND OF THE DISCLOSURE

[0002] Mobile cellular telephones, or mobile stations, are occasionally unable to receive incoming calls because the cellular telephone is camped on a channel or communicating in a network that is different than the network indicated by the registration at the Home Location Register (HLR). The discrepancy results in transmitting pages for the mobile station to the wrong channel or network. A mobile station in this state is sometimes referred to as a “Lost Mobile”.

[0003] One such circumstance that may result in the Lost Mobile state is a multi-infrastructure registration race condition. This condition is known to occur when a mobile station, initially registered on a CDMA cellular network, registers on an AMPS cellular network and then returns to the CDMA network in a relatively short time period. The mobile station may register with the AMPS network, for example, upon losing the CDMA paging channel. An analog switch in the AMPS network generally provides the mobile station with an acknowledgement (ACK) before the switch communicates the registration to the HLR. In some instances, when the mobile station returns to and registers with the CDMA network, the CDMA controller switch will communicate the registration on the CDMA network to the HLR before the HLR receives the prior registration from the AMPS switch. Under these circumstances, the mobile station will be camped on the CDMA network, but the HLR will indicate that the mobile station is in the AMPS network, since the HLR receives the AMPS registration after receipt of the CDMA registration. Incoming pages will thus be sent to the wrong network. The delay in the communication of the registration from the AMPS switch to the HLR may be attributed, among other causes, to efforts to reduce network traffic in the AMPS network by accumulating multiple registrations before communicating with the HLR within a timeout period, the expiration of which generally prompts transmission of the registration to the HLR with or without other registrations.

[0004] The Lost Mobile state may also result from the failure of a mobile station to receive an acknowledgement upon registering in an AMPS analog network, for example, due to poor coverage, after having been registered in a CDMA network. If the mobile station subsequently returns, from the AMPS network, back to the CDMA network to which it was last successfully registered, the mobile station will not re-register with the CDMA network, since the mobile station will not have been informed of the intervening registration on the AMPS network for its failure to receive the AMPS registration acknowledgement. Under these circumstances, the mobile station will be camped on the CDMA network, while the HLR indicates that the mobile station is in the AMPS network. Incoming pages for the mobile station will again be sent to the wrong network.

[0005] A mobile station will generally remain in the Lost Mobile state until any one of several actions occurs, including, among others, the origination of an outgoing communication by the mobile station, re-registration of the mobile station on another system, for example, in response to loss of the paging channel, power-cycling of the mobile station, and until the occurrence of a timer-based registration event, which may not occur for 10s of minutes in some networks.

[0006] The various aspects, features and advantages of the disclosure will become more fully apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon careful consideration of the following Detailed Description thereof with the accompanying drawings described below.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0007]FIG. 1 is an exemplary multi-network.

[0008]FIG. 2 is a first exemplary process flow diagram for connecting a communications device to a network.

[0009]FIG. 3 is another exemplary process flow diagram for connecting a communications device to a network.

[0010]FIG. 4 is an exemplary network message having connection request delay time information.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011]FIG. 1 is an exemplary multi-network 100 comprising generally a first network including a plurality of transceivers 110, 112, 114, etc. communicably to a base station controller 120, which is coupled to well known inter-network infrastructure and to other communications networks. The exemplary multi-network also comprises a second network including a plurality of transceivers 140, 142, 144, 146, etc. communicably to a base station controller 150, which is also connected to infrastructure of the second network and to the first and other networks. In other embodiments, one or both of the networks may be configured differently, though each network generally includes at least one transceiver and/or a controller for communicating within and outside the network, for example, to packet data or circuit switched networks, etc.

[0012] The first and second networks of the multi-network in FIG. 1 may be of any type. In one embodiment, the first network is a CDMA communications network and the second network is an AMPS analog communications network. In another embodiment, the first and second networks are of the same type, for example, networks of competing carriers or service providers. In another embodiment, one network is a cellular communications network, for example a GSM/GPRS network and/or a CDMA or W-CDMA network, and the other network is a Bluetooth network or an IEEE 802.11b network, or some other local area or ad hoc network.

[0013] The first and second networks generally include a switch communicably coupled to, among other places, one or more locations associated with communications devices in the network, for example, mobile wireless communications device 130. In the exemplary multi-network of FIG. 1, for example, the base controller 120 includes or is coupled to a switch 122 communicably coupled, for example, via gateway 124, to a home location register (HLR) 126, which is a repository for storing registration information pertaining to wireless communications devices. Some networks include one or more mirror HLRs. In the exemplary embodiment, the controller 150 also includes or is coupled to a switch 152 that communicates with the home location register (HLR) 126. Other networks may include other means for communicating with the home location register or with one or more similar entities for storing and updating network registration information for communications devices that communicate on different networks.

[0014] In the process diagram 200 of FIG. 2, at block 210, a communications device transmits a first network connection request to a first network. In some embodiments, for example, the connection request is a registration request sent to the network upon powering-up the device or upon entering a new network or upon losing a paging channel in another network, etc. At block 220, the communications device waits for a specified time period to elapse before sending another network connection request. In some embodiments the communications device specifies the time period referenced at block 220, and in other embodiments a network specifies the time period. At block 230, the communications device transmits a second network connection request to a second network upon expiration of, or after waiting for, the specified time period, which is for example several seconds. The second network connection request may be sent for any reason, for example, the communications device may have newly acquired the second network, or it may have dropped a prior network connection, or it may not have received an acknowledgement in response to a prior connection request. Delaying transmission of the second connection request to the second network provides time for the first network to communicate the first network connection request to the HLR of the communications device, thereby reducing the likelihood that the first connection request is communicated to the HLR after the second connection request, i.e., an infrastructure race condition. The specified delay is preferably based upon known delay in the communication of the registration request from the first network to the HLR. The known delay may be based upon empirical evidence obtained for a particular network.

[0015] According to another embodiment, the infrastructure race condition is addressed by sending multiple connection requests to the same network after a specified time period, thereby ensuring that any connection request sent previously to another network is not the last connection request logged at the home location register. Particularly, in process 300 of FIG. 3, at block 310, a communications device sends a first network connection request to a first network. At block 320, the communications device waits for a specified time period to elapse before sending another connection request to the same network. At block 330, after the time period has elapsed, the communications device transmits a second network connection request to the same network. Transmitting multiple network connection requests to the same network ensures that any prior network connection requests sent to other networks will not be the most recent connection registration recorded at the HLR of the communication device.

[0016] In one embodiment, the communications device transmits the second connection request, at block 330, only if a network connection request was transmitted to another network within some specified time period prior to the transmission of the first connection request at block 310. The specified time period may be a few seconds, though more generally it is dependent upon the delay inherent in the other network to which the prior connection request was sent. The transmission of the second network connection request ensures that the HLR reflects registration at the correct network.

[0017] In one embodiment, the network to which the first connection request is sent, at block 310, provides time delay information to the communications device, for example, in a network message, preferably before the communications device transmits the first connection request at block 310. The delay information provided by the network may be the specified time delay or period or it may be information from which the specified time period may be obtained or based. Thus upon entering the first network, the communications device receives a message, for example, a broadcast message, that specifies how long the communications device should delay before re-transmitting the network connection request to the network. In FIG. 3, at block 302, the communications device receives time delay information from the first network.

[0018] In one embodiment, first the network provides time delay information for multiple neighboring networks to which the communications device may have sent prior connection request. The time delay information is preferably based upon known delays associated with the transmission of registration information from each of the corresponding neighboring networks to the HLR. According to this aspect of the disclosure, the time delay used by the communication device depends upon the network to which the communication device attempted to connect most recently before connecting to the first network at block 310 in FIG. 3.

[0019]FIG. 4 is an exemplary message 400, for example, a portion of a network broadcast message, including multiple fields 410, 420 . . . for indicating how much delay is associated with the communication of network connection registration information by a particular network to a home location register or a similar entity. In one embodiment, some bits in the same or different field are designated for identifying the network and other bits are designated for identifying the delay associated with the network. Alternatively, it may be desirable for the network to specify a single delay period that sufficient to accommodate the delay associated with all relevant networks.

[0020] According to another aspect of the disclosure illustrated in the process diagram 500 of FIG. 5, at block 510, the communications device transmits a network connection request to a first network and is registered on the first network. At block 520, the communications device transmits a network connection request to a second network, for example, upon losing the paging channel of the first network to which the device was previously connected. At block 530, if the communications device detects the first network, the communications device transmits a network communication request to the first network if the attempt to connect to the second network fails, for example, if the communications device does not receive a network connection acknowledgement within a specified time period in response to the second network connection request.

[0021] According to yet another aspect of the disclosure, network connection requests are tagged with an indicium indicating the order in which the network requests are transmitted, regardless of the order in which the connection requests are communicated to the home location register. In one embodiment, the communications device applies to the indicium to the network connection requests, for example, at the time of transmission. In another embodiment, the network applies an indicium to the network connection requests, preferably as soon as possible upon receipt, for example, at the base station transceiver where the connection requests area received.

[0022] In one embodiment, the communications device or the network applies a time stamp to the network connection request, for example on transmission or receipt, wherein the order of transmission of the connection requests is indicated by the time stamp of the network connection requests. In another embodiment, the communications device or the network applies a sequence indicator, for example, a counter, to the connection requests, wherein the order of transmission us indicated by the sequence indicator of the network connection requests.

[0023] The home location register or other entity is generally some distance form the point in the network where the network connection requests are first received. The home location register or other entity uses the indices, for example, time stamps or counters, or other order indicating indicia, added to the network connection requests from a particular communications device to determine the order in which the network locations requests were sent by the communications device to the network.

[0024] While the present disclosure and what are considered presently to be the best modes of the inventions have been described in a manner that establishes possession thereof by the inventors and that enables those of ordinary skill in the art to make and use the inventions, it will be understood and appreciated that there are many equivalents to the exemplary embodiments disclosed herein and that myriad modifications and variations may be made thereto without departing from the scope and spirit of the inventions, which are to be limited not by the exemplary embodiments but by the appended claims. 

What is claimed is:
 1. A method in a communications device, the method comprising: transmitting a first network connection request to a first network; waiting for a specified time period to elapse, transmitting a second network connection request to a second network after waiting the specified time period.
 2. The method of claim 1, transmitting the first network connection request to an AMPS network, transmitting the second network connection request to a CDMA network.
 3. The method of claim 1, transmitting the second network connection request to the second network after waiting at least 3 seconds.
 4. The method of claim 1, detecting the second network after transmitting the first network connection request, transmitting the second network connection request after detecting the second network.
 5. The method of claim 1, waiting for a specified time period determined by the communication device. Automatic 2^(nd) Connection with Same Network
 6. A method in a communications device, the method comprising: transmitting a first network connection request to a first network; transmitting a second network connection request to the first network after a specified time interval occurring after transmitting the first network connection request to the first network.
 7. The method of claim 6, receiving a message from a network, the message containing at delay information on which the specified time interval is based, the delay information dependent upon a network to which the communications device was most recently connected before transmitting the first network connection request to the first network.
 8. The method of claim 6, transmitting a network connection request to a different network before transmitting the first network connection request to the first network, transmitting the second network connection request to the second network only if the communications device first transmits the network connection request to the different network within a specified time of the transmission of the first network connection request to the first network. Register with New Network if No ACK
 9. A method in a communications device, the method comprising: connecting the communications device to a first network; attempting to connect the communications device to a second network; transmitting network communication request from the communications device to the first network if the attempt to connect to the second network fails.
 10. The method of claim 9, attempting to connect to the second network includes transmitting a network connection request to the second network, failing to connect to the second network includes failing to receive a network connection acknowledgement within a specified time period in response to transmitting the network connection request. Time-Stamped Connection Requests
 11. A method in a communications device, the method comprising: transmitting a first network connection request having a first transmission indicium from the wireless communications device; transmitting a second network connection request having a second transmission indicium from the wireless communications device, indicating the order of transmission of the first and second network connection requests with the first and second transmission indicia.
 12. The method of claim 11, the first transmission indicium is a first transmission time stamp, the second transmission indicium is a second transmission time stamp, indicating the order of transmission includes indicating the time of transmission of the first and second network connection requests with the first and second transmission time stamps.
 13. The method of claim 10, the first transmission indicium is a first transmission sequence indicator, the second transmission indicium is a second transmission sequence indicator, indicating the order of transmission includes indicating the sequence of transmission of the first and second network connection requests with the first and second transmission sequence indicators.
 14. A method in a communications network, the method comprising: receiving a first network connection request from a communications device in a first network; adding an indicium to said first network connection request at the first network; receiving a second network connection request from the communications device in a second network; adding a second indicium to said second network connection request at the second network; using the indices added to the first and second networks connection requests to determine the order in which the first and second network locations requests were received.
 15. The method of claim 14, adding the first indicium to the first network location request includes adding a first time stamp to the first network location request, adding the second indicium to the second network location request includes adding a second time stamp to the second network location request.
 16. The method of claim 14, receiving the first network connection request from the communications device in a first wireless network.
 17. The method of claim 14, receiving the first network connection request from the communications device in a first wireless network, receiving the second network connection request from the communications device in a second wireless network.
 18. The method of claim 14, adding the indicium to said first network connection request when the first network location request is first received at the first network; adding the indicium to said second network connection request when the second network location request is first received at the second network.
 19. The method of claim 18, at a location associated with the communications device, using the indices added to the first and second networks connection requests to determine the order in which the first and second network locations requests were received.
 20. The method of claim 18, at a network location register communicably coupled to the first and second networks, using the indices added to the first and second networks connection requests to determine the order in which the first and second network locations requests were received. network connection request to the first network within a specified time of transmitting the first network connection request to the second network. 